How First Class Soccer Make A Good Soccer Retail Store

†¢ First Class Soccer will be making deals with Nike, Adidas, Under Armour, and Umbro in order to sell the soccer products they provide in the store. The business is going to need these suppliers in order to become a good soccer retail store in the town that provides many different products that are out in the market. The business will need to contact sales representatives from each brand in order to make contracts to sell their products through the store. †¢ First Class Soccer will not need any distributors because the business will mostly depend on suppliers for the products that will be provided. G. Order Fulfillment and Customer Service †¢ First Class Soccer will make sure that each sales inquiry is delivered in a timely manner to the customer. Order fulfillment will be processed same day or next business day upon receiving a customer’s order request and payment. The order can be placed through the website, in person, and via telephone. For the shipping company the business will be using USPS, and UPS for all orders that will need to be shipped. Customers will have to pay for shipping charges unless the store is having a special promotion to spend a certain amount and receive free shipping. †¢ First Class Soccer will pay close attention to customer service towards customers. This is really important because this service can depend whether or not customers will return to do more purchases in the future. As a business in the retail industry, customer service is the mainShow MoreRelatedSwot - so Analysis Nike1366 Words   |  6 Pagessells shoes for a big variety of sports including basketball, baseball, golf, soccer, volleyball, tennis, football and running. - Nike is strong at research and development, as is evidenced by its evolving and innovative product range. Its products go through a rigorous quality control before they go to market. Despite the cost to keep a high-level research and quality control departments, Nike always try to offer its goods to customers at the lowest possible price. - Nike does not have its ownRead MoreHow Sport Has Changed My Life Essay1328 Words   |  6 Pagesbaseball, hockey, soccer, and I ran track. Being an athlete is how peo ple knew me, I guess you could say I was and still am a tomboy. Being involved in a sport ever since I was four years old, has really taught me a lot about not just playing the sports itself, but at life as a whole. Being apart of a team, can teach someone many skills, and life lessons. Because there are uncountable reasons why one should be involved in a sport, the main skills, and lessons include learning how to work togetherRead MoreSegmentation Targetting and Positioning of Nike2257 Words   |  10 PagesStarter, and subsidiaries including Cole Haan, Hurley International, Umbro and Converse. Nike also owned Bauer Hockey (later renamed Nike Bauer) between 1995 and 2008. In addition to manufacturing sportswear and equipment, the company operates retail stores under the name Nike town. Nike sponsors many high profile athletes and sports teams  around the world, with the highly recognized trademarks of Just do it and the Swoosh logo. Its designs, develops, markets and sells high quality footwear, apparelRead MoreNike Direct Marketing : Nike1428 Words   |  6 Pagesiconic world-class powerhouse that continues to dominate the market with no signs of slowing up. Nike’s marketing and advertising have been breakthrough, aspirational, and legendary over the years, featuring high-profile athletes and heroes. Direct Marketing is the use of many media channels to communicate directly to the targeted customer. Nike sells its merchandise through retail stores and other channels. The company offers its products to retail accounts, through Nike-owned retail stores and InternetRead MoreAdidas Marketing Plan20779 Words   |  84 Pages†©2010†© Executive†©Summary†© †© Adidas†©has†©been†©around†©since†©1924†©and†©has†©grown†©to†©be†©one†©of†©the†©top†©companies†©in†© providing†©a†©variety†©of†©high†©quality†©products†©to†©consumers†©interested†©in†©sports.†©It†©is†© currently†©the†©number†©two†©brand†©in†©the†©sporting†©goods†©industry,†©trailing†©its†©main†© competitor†©Nike.†©Adidas†©has†©a†©strong†©focus†©on†©both†©performance†©and†©style,†©as†©opposed†©to†© Nike’s†©more†©pure†©performance†©emphasis.†©Adidas†©is†©currently†©surviving†©in†©its†©market†©but†© has†©many†©barriers†©holding†©it†©back†©from†©becoming†©a†©more†©dominant†©and†©thriving†©companyRead MoreAdidas Marketing Plan20768 Words   |  84 Pages†©2010†© Executive†©Summary†© †© Adidas†©has†©been†©around†©since†©1924†©and†©has†©grown†©to†©be†©one†©of†©the†©top†©companies†©in†© providing†©a†©variety†©of†©high†©quality†©products†©to†©consumers†©interested†©in†©sports.†©It†©is†© currently†©the†©number†©two†©brand†©in†©the†©sporting†©goods†©industry,†©trailing†©its†©main†© competitor†©Nike.†©Adidas†©has†©a†©strong†©focus†©on†©both†©performance†©and†©style,†©as†©opposed†©to†© Nike’s†©more†©pure†©performance†©emphasis.†©Adidas†©is†©currently†©surviving†©in†©its†©market†©but†© has†©many†©barriers†©holding†©it†©back†©from†©becoming†©a†©more†©dominant†©and†©thriving†©companyRead MoreReal Madrid Marketing Hbs Case3405 Words   |  14 PagesReal Madrid is one of the most storied sports franchises in the world. It is one of t he few sports teams with international appeal to a very broad fan base. This case delves into how Real Madrid transitioned from a good soccer team with a winning history into the global sports juggernaut we know today. We first examined Real Madrid’s revenue streams and found that from their inception through the 1970s their business model was based almost entirely on their ticket sales. After the 1970s upRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed Our Lives Essay1452 Words   |  6 PagesTechnology has been advancing among the years. It is impossible not to notice how the advances are changing people’s lives and making the human being s existence much easier. One of the most important characteristic of this evolutionary process is the portability. Year after year companies develop new technology, new devices, and increase their power and portability. Twenty years ago, people could not image bring their computers to anywhere because even the simplest machine was huge and heavy. ThoseRead MoreThe Adidas Brand2920 Words   |  12 Pagessustain high brand equity. The preference in the marketplace for one particular brand is not simply a preference based on the cost, quality or style of its pr oducts. It is also influenced by the personality, reputation and image of the brand and how often and how well they are communicated. What experience is the brand promising or associating with? Who is endorsing the brand? The sportswear market; it has some of the strongest and most valuable brands in the world. The CFO of Adidas, Dean Hawkins recentlyRead MoreI Am Very Happy At The Nice Town Of Pleasanton1576 Words   |  7 Pageswatching The Dollar Menu short clip as well as viewing the low income and low access article and map I learned that in my neighborhood there really isn t limited access to any supermarkets. I have grown up my whole life in Pleasanton with grocery stores located all at walking distance to me and for those around me. When I looked up my neighborhood though it did show Livermore, a city that is about a five or less minute drive from me having a few low income spots in their city. I wasn t too surprised

A Practitioner’s Guide to Ethical Decision Making Free Essays

Holly Forester-Miller, Ph. D. Thomas Davis, Ph. We will write a custom essay sample on A Practitioner’s Guide to Ethical Decision Making or any similar topic only for you Order Now D. Copyright  © 1996, American Counseling Association. A free publication of the American Counseling Association promoting ethical counseling practice in service to the public. — Printed and bound copies may be purchased in quantity for a nominal fee from the Online Resource Catalog or by calling the ACA Distribution Center at 800. 422. 2648. ACA grants reproduction rights to libraries, researchers and teachers who wish to copy all or part of the contents of this document for scholarly purposes provided that no fee for the use or possession of such copies is charged to the ultimate consumer of the copies. Proper citation to ACA must be given. Introduction Counselors are often faced with situations which require sound ethical decision making ability. Determining the appropriate course to take when faced with a difficult ethical dilemma can be a challenge. To assist ACA members in meeting this challenge, the ACA Ethics Committee has developed A Practitioner’s Guide to Ethical Decision Making. The intent of this document is to offer professional counselors a framework for sound ethical decision making. The following will address both guiding principles that are globally valuable in ethical decision making, and a model that professionals can utilize as they address ethical questions in their work. Moral Principles Kitchener (1984) has identified five moral principles that are viewed as the cornerstone of our ethical guidelines. Ethical guidelines can not address all situations that a counselor is forced to confront. Reviewing these ethical principles which are at the foundation of the guidelines often helps to clarify the issues involved in a given situation. The five principles, autonomy, justice, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and fidelity are each absolute truths in and of themselves. By exploring the dilemma in regards to these principles one may come to a better understanding of the conflicting issues. 1. Autonomy is the principle that addresses the concept of independence. The essence of this principle is allowing an individual the freedom of choice and action. It addresses the responsibility of the counselor to encourage clients, when appropriate, to make their own decisions and to act on their own values. There are two important considerations in encouraging clients to be autonomous. First, helping the client to understand how their decisions and their values may or may not be received within the context of the society in which they live, and how they may impinge on the rights of others. The second consideration is related to the client’s ability to make sound and rational decisions. Persons not capable of making competent choices, such as children, and some individuals with mental handicaps, should not be allowed to act on decisions that could harm themselves or others. 2. Nonmaleficence is the concept of not causing harm to others. Often explained as â€Å"above all do no harm†, this principle is considered by some to be the most critical of all the principles, even though theoretically they are all of equal weight (Kitchener, 1984; Rosenbaum, 1982; Stadler, 1986). This principle reflects both the idea of not inflicting intentional harm, and not engaging in actions that risk harming others (Forester-Miller Rubenstein, 1992). 3. Beneficence reflects the counselor’s responsibility to contribute to the welfare of the client. Simply stated it means to do good, to be proactive and also to prevent harm when possible (Forester-Miller Rubenstein, 1992). 4. Justice does not mean treating all individuals the same. Kitchener (1984) points out that the formal meaning of justice is â€Å"treating equals equally and unequals unequally but in proportion to their relevant differences† (p. 49). If an individual is to be treated differently, the counselor needs to be able to offer a rationale that explains the necessity and appropriateness of treating this individual differently. 5. Fidelity involves the notions of loyalty, faithfulness, and honoring commitments. Clients must be able to trust the counselor and have faith in the therapeutic relationship if growth is to occur. Therefore, the counselor must take care not to threaten the therapeutic relationship nor to leave obligations unfulfilled. When exploring an ethical dilemma, you need to examine the situation and see how each of the above principles may relate to that particular case. At times this alone will clarify the issues enough that the means for resolving the dilemma will become obvious to you. In more complicated cases it is helpful to be able to work through the steps of an ethical decision making model, and to assess which of these moral principles may be in conflict. Ethical Decision Making Model We have incorporated the work of Van Hoose and Paradise (1979), Kitchener (1984), Stadler (1986), Haas and Malouf (1989), Forester-Miller and Rubenstein (1992), and Sileo and Kopala (1993) into a practical, sequential, seven step, ethical decision making model. A description and discussion of the steps follows. 1. Identify the Problem. Gather as much information as you can that will illuminate the situation. In doing so, it is important to be as specific and objective as possible. Writing ideas on paper may help you gain clarity. Outline the facts, separating out innuendos, assumptions, hypotheses, or suspicions. There are several questions you can ask yourself: Is it an ethical, legal, professional, or clinical problem? Is it a combination of more than one of these? If a legal question exists, seek legal advice. Other questions that it may be useful to ask yourself are: Is the issue related to me and what I am or am not doing? Is it related to a client and/or the client’s significant others and what they are or are not doing? Is it related to the institution or agency and their policies and procedures? If the problem can be resolved by implementing a policy of an institution or agency, you can look to the agency’s guidelines. It is good to remember that dilemmas you face are often complex, so a useful guideline is to examine the problem from several perspectives and avoid searching for a simplistic solution. 2. Apply the ACA Code of Ethics. After you have clarified the problem, refer to the Code of Ethics (ACA, 2005) to see if the issue is addressed there. If there is an applicable standard or several standards and they are specific and clear, following the course of action indicated should lead to a resolution of the problem. To be able to apply the ethical standards, it is essential that you have read them carefully and that you understand their implications. If the problem is more complex and a resolution does not seem apparent, then you probably have a true ethical dilemma and need to proceed with further steps in the ethical decision making process. 3. Determine the nature and dimensions of the dilemma. There are several avenues to follow in order to ensure that you have examined the problem in all its various dimensions. Consider the moral principles of autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, justice, and fidelity. Decide which principles apply to the specific situation, and determine which principle takes priority for you in this case. In theory, each principle is of equal value, which means that it is your challenge to determine the priorities when two or more of them are in conflict. o Review the relevant professional literature to ensure that you are using the most current professional thinking in reaching a decision. o Consult with experienced professional colleagues and/or supervisors. As they review with you the information you have gathered, they may see other issues that are relevant or provide a perspective you have not considered. They may also be able to identify aspects of the dilemma that you are not viewing objectively. o Consult your state or national professional associations to see if they can provide help with the dilemma. 4. Generate potential courses of action. Brainstorm as many possible courses of action as possible. Be creative and consider all options. If possible, enlist the assistance of at least one colleague to help you generate options. . Consider the potential consequences of all options and determine a course of action. Considering the information you have gathered and the priorities you have set, evaluate each option and assess the potential consequences for all the parties involved. Ponder the implications of each course of action for the client, for others who will be effected, and for yourself as a counselor. Eliminate the options that clearly do not give the desired results or cause even more problematic consequences. Review the remaining options to determine which option or ombination of options best fits the situation and addresses the priorities you have identified. 6. Evaluate the selected course of action. Review the selected course of action to see if it presents any new ethical considerations. Stadler (1986) suggests applying three simple tests to the selected course of action to ensure that it is appropriate. In applying the test of justice, assess your own sense of fairness by determining whether you would treat others the same in this situation. For the test of publicity, ask yourself whether you would want your behavior reported in the press. The test of universality asks you to assess whether you could recommend the same course of action to another counselor in the same situation. If the course of action you have selected seems to present new ethical issues, then you’ll need to go back to the beginning and reevaluate each step of the process. Perhaps you have chosen the wrong option or you might have identified the problem incorrectly. If you can answer in the affirmative to each of the questions suggested by Stadler (thus passing the tests of justice, publicity, and universality) and you are satisfied that ou have selected an appropriate course of action, then you are ready to move on to implementation. 7. Implement the course of action. Taking the appropriate action in an ethical dilemma is often difficult. The final step involves strengthening your ego to allow you to carry out your plan. After implementing your course of action, it is good practice to follow up on the situation to assess whether your actions h ad the anticipated effect and consequences. The Ethical Decision Making Model at a Glance 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Identify the problem. Apply the ACA Code of Ethics. Determine the nature and dimensions of the dilemma. Generate potential courses of action. Consider the potential consequences of all options, choose a course of action. Evaluate the selected course of action. Implement the course of action. It is important to realize that different professionals may implement different courses of action in the same situation. There is rarely one right answer to a complex ethical dilemma. However, if you follow a systematic model, you can be assured that you will be able to give a professional explanation for the course of action you chose. Van Hoose and Paradise (1979) suggest that a counselor â€Å"is probably acting in an ethically responsible way concerning a client if (1) he or she has maintained personal and professional honesty, coupled with (2) the best interests of the client, (3) without malice or personal gain, and (4) can justify his or her actions as the best judgment of what should be done based upon the current state of the profession† (p. 58). Following this model will help to ensure that all four of these conditions have been met. How to cite A Practitioner’s Guide to Ethical Decision Making, Papers

Advocacy Policy

Question: Explain how your policy can promote the health of the chosen population, using a public health or health promotion framework (e.g. Ottawa Charter). Answer: Section 1: Background National Tobacco Control Program: The National Tobacco Control Program (NTCP) is the initiative that was put forward and formed for the development and implementation of the different smoking control programs for reducing the rates of smoking in Singapore. The National Tobacco Control Program, also known as, NTCP, is a comprehensive and long-term program which was launched in 1986 for control of smoking and with the theme that was Towards a Nation of Nonsmokers, and was led by the Ministry of Health. The National Smoking Control Co-ordinating Committee was set up in the year 1996, which was chaired by the MOH for formulation of the policies, coordinating the activities, as well as, for monitoring the National Tobacco Control Program (Wisotzky, Albuquerque, Pechacek, Park, 2004). The Committee consists of the representatives from the eight different government ministries, private sector employers, as well as, the trade unions. The Health Promotion Board was developed in the year 2001 to oversee, as well as, to coordinate the health promotion programs, involving the National Tobacco Control Program, in Singapore. The National Tobacco Control Program utilizes the multi-pronged approach for combating smoking. The NTCP main aim is to reduce the prevalence of smoking in Singapore with the help of different measures, which includes prevention of the initiation of smoking between different young individuals and groups, educating, motivating, as well as, assisting the individuals who smoke to quit smoking, promoting the climate that is conducive for all the non-smokers to prevent them from the various harmful effects occurring due to the environmental tobacco (Veeranki, Mamudu, Anderson, Zheng, 2014). Health issue: The increase rate of smoking prevalence, especially observed in the youngsters. Smoking has the harmful effects on both the smokers, as well as, the non-smokers, thus posing a harmful threat to the humans and affecting the health and lifestyle of the humans. Smoking is becoming the substantial economic burden due to the losses incurred in the cost of the healthcare, as well as, in its productivity (Gavin, 2004). Hence, it requires the combined efforts of each and every individual or group of the healthcare industry, the community, as well as, the workplace to tackle all the issues related to the smoking. Each country or city put forward the lot of efforts in tackling the issues related to the smoking as use of tobacco results in the huge social losses. It has been found that Singapore has a very long history in the development of the policies related to the anti-smoking promotion (Wakefield Liberman, 2008). Evidence of smoking: According to the Health Promotion Board surveys, it was evidenced that in the year of 2001, around 8% of the women who were in between the age group of 18 years to 24 years were involved in smoking. This percentage was about two percent more as compared to the National Health Survey conducted in the year 1998. The Youth Tobacco Survey in the Singapore in the year 2000 involved about 13,000 students of secondary school in the Singapore, and it was observed that about one in every four under-aged youngsters had a history of smoking or they have smoked before. Around 11.2% of the total students involved in the survey were involved in the smoking activity at least once every month prior to the survey, and about 2.4% of them were involved in daily smoking activity. The surveyors evidenced that around 13.4% of the smokers were boys and about 8.8% of the smokers were girls. Despite the rule of not selling the cigarettes to the individuals who are under 18 years of age a nd being illegal, half of the population that were surveyed reported that they could buy the cigarettes easily from the shops. Moreover, among females, it was observed that the females between the age group of 18 years to 29 years were more involved in the activity of smoking, and the increase of percentage from 5% in the year of 1998 to 7% in the year 2004 was being observed ("Explaining recent trends in smoking prevalence", 2005). According to the National Health Survey (NHS) in the year 2010, it has been observed that the smoking prevalence in Singapore arose from about 12.3% in the year 2004 to around 14.3% in the year 2010, thus reversing the past long-term decline. The rise in the prevalence of smoking is driven by the factors involving the significant increase in the activity of smoking among the youngsters, mostly in the age group of 18 years to 39 years of age. It has been observed that the social influencers like older peers, as well as, parents have been mentioned as the causes for picking up the activity of smoking in the youngsters. Moreover, the Student Health Survey that was conducted by the Health Promotion Board has observed that about 58% of youth who are involved in the activity of smoking have at least a single parent who is involved in smoking in comparison to about 27% of the youth who were non-smokers. Further, Health Promotion Board has been working in partnership with the Singapore Natio nal Employers Federations for conducting different sectoral studies and surveys among the workforce, like employees belonging to the hospitality sector. For instance, one of the surveys that were conducted showed that about 31.5% of the total hotel employees were involved in smoking. Moreover, stress was found to be the main cause of smoking observed among this sub-group (Cohen, Chaiton, Planinac, 2010). So far, the implementation of NTCP was successful in reduction of the rate of prevalence of smoking from 20%, which included about 37% of males and about 3% of females in the year 1984 to 12.6%, including 21.9% of males and about 3.4% of females in the year of 2004. Further, it has also been observed that the prevalence of smoking among Singaporean men, as well as, the women are considered to be the lowest overall globally when compared with other countries like Canada, United Kingdom, Australia, United States, Thailand, South Korea, Germany, Japan, Italy, as well as, Switzerland. The ongoing health education programmes related to the public health with the use of various health promotion measures like the utilization of the legislation, control of the sale, control of non-smoking areas, fiscal measures, as well as, provision of cessation activities have worked together in keeping the prevalence of smoking acitivities lowest in Singapore in the world (Choo, Ong, Lee, 2004). Section 2: Aims and Objectives The main objective of the National Tobacco Control Programme is the reduction in both the supply, as well as, demand of the cigarette for ensuring attainment of higher standards of public health. It aims to reduce the prevalence of smoking in Singapore and is working towards the accomplishment of its aims and objectives (Milne, 2005). It aims at preventing the starting of smoking in the adults and youths, educates and motivates the individuals for smoking cessation, as well as, also aim to provide the environment that keeps the non-smokers away from the potential harmful effects of the tobacco use. Apart from dissuading both the youths, as well as, the old age groups to refrain themselves from taking their first puff of smoke, the aim of this program is also to provide the conducive environment for the individuals who smoke to seek any kind of help in smoking cessation, as well as, to help in the process of quitting smoking (Loyola, 2008). Section 3: Health promotion framework The National Tobacco Control Programme is the multi-pronged combination of strategies for the promotion of the non-smoking agenda in Singapore. It is developed with the aim and objectives of reducing the smoking prevalence and works in accordance with the framework adopted by the World Health Organization, which is the Framework on Tobacco Control (Wipfli, 2004). This framework is the foremost evidence-based treaty that was being negotiated under World Health Organizations auspices in the development of the various regulatory strategies for addressing the addictive substances. Thus, the National Tobacco Contol Program includes the of five different strategies, which are: Taxation, Legislation, Public Education, Partnerships, and Provision of quit smoking services for achieving their aims of reducing the prevalence of smoking in the country (Eckhardt, Holden, Callard, 2015). Taxation: The Health Promotion Board has an important and active role in the advocating, as well as, in recommending different tobacco taxation strategies. It has developed partnerships with two bodies, which are the Ministry of Health, as well as, Ministry of Finance for the working on tobacco taxation strategies on the regular basis. It has been observed that taxation tends to be the most cost effective strategy in the reduction of rates of prevalence of smoking (Hastings Liberman, 2009). The study conducted by the World Bank revealed that for about every 10% increase done in the real inflation altered cost, the decrease of two percent to eight percent will be observed in the cigarette consumption. Moreover, the local data also revealed that an increase in the price of cigarettes correspond to the decrease in per capita consumption. It has been observed that there is a regular increase in the tobacco since 1987 for the aim of discouraging the non-smokers to pick up the habit of sm oking, as well as, to encourage the individuals who are current smokers to quit smoking or to smoke less (Dewhirst, 2012). Legislation: The second strategy followed by the NTCP is the launch of tobacco control legislation. The tobacco control legislations consist of the Tobacco Act, i.e., Control of Advertisements and Sale of Tobacco Act, which is put forward and regulated by the Health Sciences Authority. This act involves the prohibition of all the advertisements, as well as, promotion of the tobacco, and also the prohibition of tobacco supply, as well as, the use of products having tobacco in it by the individuals who are under 18 years of age. As per this tobacco act, the warnings related to the health by the use of all the products including tobacco should be mentioned at the upper 50% both in front, as well as, on the back of the tobacco product in English (Heloma, Nurminen, Reijula, Rantanen, 2004). These legislations formed for the prohibition of advertisements by the use of media that can create a positive image of the product, as well as, could stimulate smoking behaviors and activities may he lp in reducing the consumption of cigarettes and smoking behaviors. Further, it has been observed that the potential downward shift was seen in the response of consumption of the cigarette, as well as, the smoking behaviors of the individuals with the advertising bans. Furthermore, other legislation that is formed is the Prohibition on Smoking in Certain Places Act that enforced and regulated by the National Environment Agency. This act prohibits smoking activities in certain designated public places, which includes all the public transport, non-air-conditioned places, mostly indoors, indoor restaurants and workplaces, hospitals, pubs, educational facilities, bars, as well as, some outdoor places (Fallin Glantz, 2015). Public Education: The third strategy followed by NTCP is public education. The purpose of public education is the prevention of initiating the smoking, and also to provide all the information related to the smoking to both smokers, as well as, the non-smokers. It has been observed that Singapore has the highest ratio of educated people, public health messages such as the consequences and outcomes of smoking, as well as, the impacts of using second-hand smoking can be better received, as well as, translated for putting the concerned proposal into action. The Singaporean government utilizes the media in the promotion of public health that is called counter-advertising, and it has been observed that there is the negative relationship existed between the counter-advertising, as well as, the consumption of smoking. Moreover, public education is one of the important tool that is used to inform the public about the risk factors associated with smoking, as well as, with second-hand smoking ( Hammond, 2003). Various studies have suggested that the inaccurate perceptions of the risk associated with smoking may result more in case of the inherent difficulties related to the learning of potential harmful risks to the public. Moreover, the psychological research has found that individuals tend to underestimate all the potential risks associated with the one of the most common death causes and thus prolong their use of tobacco (Koh, Leung, Ang, Thumboo, 2013). However, the Singapore government has adopted a large number of information policies that are meant for delivering all the negative consequences and outcomes of tobacco use on ones health. For instance, counter-advertising campaigns are used as the public interventions, which informs the citizens about the risks, as well as, discourage the smoking behaviors. The studies showed that public education is capable of raising the public awareness, as well as, encourages the individuals to help the smokers to quit smoking (Fo ng, 2006). Partnerships: The fourth strategy by the NTCP is forming partnerships. NTCP that works under the HPB actively involves educational institutions, youth organizations, private workplaces, healthcare professionals, the uniformed groups, parents, community, as well as, the religious groups to promote the lifestyle that is smoke-free. It has been observed that the positive and significant effect in encouraging the non-smoking behavior was observed for programs related to the social reinforcement, as well as, social norms oriented. Further, the social reinforcement, as well as, the social norms oriented events refer to the development of all the abilities that helps in recognition and resistance of the social pressures for using drugs, as well as, for minimizing the consumption of the cigarettes. It has also been observed that these programs have encouraged students who even give advice to their parents for smoking cessation after they learn and became familiar with the consequences relate d to the smoking from the programs in their school (Glantz, 2000). Provision of quit smoking services: The fifth strategy followed by NTCP is providing smoking cessation services. In collaboration with the HPB, it offers affordable, as well as, accessible smoking cessation available services to the smokers. Further, these smoking cessation services are integrated in the healthcare settings like the hospitals, as well as, the polyclinics for the longest period since the 1990s. Moreover, it also avails the personalized advice with the help of the training, which is Quit Advisors through a QuitLine based on the methods to quit smoking. It has also developed the I Quit mobile app that helps the smokers to make the most efficient approach for quitting smoking. This mobile app will reveal that for how long the individuals who smoke have been proceeding in the smoking cessation process. The provision of smoking cessation services is one of the most direct and effective ways for assisting the smoker in the process of quitting smoking. Moreover, the communit y smoking cessation services mostly include the mass population. These services raise the public awareness, includes the widespread provision of various self-help things made available by medical, as well as, non-medical channel, and encourages the health professionals for improving their efforts on the individual patients involved in smoking. Singapore adopts various strategies for achieving the aims and objectives of the NTCP which are helpful in preventing smoking initiation in the youngsters, promotes the smoking cessation process among the smokers, and also protects the non-smokers having bad and harmful effects related to the secondhand smoking. Section 4: Recommendations to the government As it has been observed that there is frequent increase in the rate of prevalence of smoking, despite of the implementation of the NTCP, following recommendations can be made: The government should conduct frequent inspection of the public areas to evaluate if there is any smoking in the prohibited area to increase the effect of this policy. Further, the government should give monetary awards for the individuals participating in the smoking cessation practices who are successful in quitting the smoking. This in turn would encourage the individual to quit smoking. Moreover, as the surveys showed that the individuals who were under 18 years of age can easily purchase cigarettes from the shops, so the government should impose stricter rules, and no cigarette packs should be sold without confirming the age of the individuals by means of identity cards. Thirdly, although in Singapore the tax is high, but still it is unable to bring the desired and favorable effects in the reduction of smoking, and it has been observed that most of the individuals who are involved in smoking can still afford the cost of cigarette. Hence, to change the result, the government shou ld increase the tax rate also (Gartner Mcneill, 2010). References Choo, Y., Ong, K., Lee, W. (2004). Effectiveness of a smoking cessation program among hospitalized patients in Singapore.Chest,126(4), 713Sb. Cohen, J., Chaiton, M., Planinac, L. (2010). Tobacco control and the epidemiological framework.Tobacco Control,20(4), 318-318. Dewhirst, T. (2012). Price and tobacco marketing strategy: lessons from 'dark' markets and implications for the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.Tobacco Control,21(6), 519-523. Eckhardt, J., Holden, C., Callard, C. (2015). Tobacco control and the World Trade Organization: mapping member states positions after the framework convention on tobacco control.Tobacco Control, tobaccocontrol-2015-052486. Explaining recent trends in smoking prevalence. (2005).Addiction,100(10), 1394-1395. FALLIN, A. GLANTZ, S. (2015). Tobacco-Control Policies in Tobacco-Growing States: Where Tobacco Was King.Milbank Quarterly,93(2), 319-358. Fong, G. (2006). The conceptual framework of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) Policy Evaluation Project.Tobacco Control,15(suppl_3), iii3-iii11. GARTNER, C. MCNEILL, A. (2010). Options for global tobacco control beyond the Framework Convention in Tobacco Control.Addiction,105(1), 1-3. Gavin, A. (2004). Smoking is a major cause of premature death worldwide.Evidence-Based Healthcare,8(2), 95-96. GLANTZ, S. (2000). Tobacco Related Disease Research Program.Tobacco Control,9(90002), 2ii-3. Hammond, R. (2003). The Framework Convention on Tobacco Control: promising start, uncertain future.Tobacco Control,12(3), 241-242. Hastings, G. Liberman, J. (2009). Tobacco corporate social responsibility and fairy godmothers: the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control slays a modern myth.Tobacco Control,18(2), 73-74. Heloma, A., Nurminen, M., Reijula, K., Rantanen, J. (2004). Smoking Prevalence, Smoking-Related Lung Diseases, and National Tobacco Control Legislation.Chest,126(6), 1825-1831. Koh, W., Leung, K., Ang, L., Thumboo, J. (2013). Cigarette smoking and risk of severe osteoarthritis among Chinese in Singapore - the Singapore Chinese Health Study.Osteoarthritis And Cartilage,21, S153. Loyola, E. (2008). Linking Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) Data to the WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.Preventive Medicine,47, S1. Milne, E. (2005). NHS smoking cessation services and smoking prevalence: observational study.BMJ,330(7494), 760-760. Veeranki, S., Mamudu, H., Anderson, J., Zheng, S. (2014). Worldwide Never-Smoking Youth Susceptibility to Smoking.Journal Of Adolescent Health,54(2), 144-150. Wakefield, M. Liberman, J. (2008). Back to the future: tobacco industry interference, evidence and the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control.Tobacco Control,17(3), 145-146. Wipfli, H. (2004). Achieving the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control's potential by investing in national capacity.Tobacco Control,13(4), 433-437. Wisotzky, M., Albuquerque, M., Pechacek, T., Park, B. (2004). The National Tobacco Control Program: focusing on policy to broaden impact.Public Health Reports,119(3), 303-310.

On Dumpster Diving Essay Essay Example

On Dumpster Diving Essay Paper Quite by accident. I found the essay On Dumpster Diving by Lars Eighner on the pages of Seagull magazine. The first lines of it captured my involvement well. for as I had neer read about Dumpster diving or scavenging earlier. On Dumpster Diving is a piece of big Eighner’s work called Travels with Lizbeth ( 1993 ) . which was based on his ain experience of homelessness. The writer engages me by stating the beginning and significance of the term Dumpster Diver. showing his endurance usher with specified regulations and ordinances. Dumpster is a hallmark of refuse lading onto trucks system. Dumpster plunging involves individuals voluntarily mounting into rubbish bins ( Dumpsters ) to happen valuables or merely utile points. including nutrient and used vesture. Eighner writes that the life of a mendicant going without any money opened his eyes to the fact that all those containers with waste are existent â€Å"supermarkets† for the hapless. and they are non merely a beginni ng of endurance. but besides a depository of high-quality and diverse nutrient. Anyhow. there is a hazard in eating such findings. We will write a custom essay sample on On Dumpster Diving Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on On Dumpster Diving Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on On Dumpster Diving Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Harmonizing to Eighner’s experience. taking nutrient out of Dumpsters should affect three simple rules: â€Å"using the senses and common sense to measure the status of the found stuffs. cognizing the Dumpsters of a given country and look intoing them on a regular basis. and seeking ever to reply the inquiry. â€Å"Why was this discarded? † Narrator advises to avoid such nutrients as game. domestic fowl. porc. and egg-based repasts. Soft drinks proving should be based on their fizzing smartly. Bing a scavenger. one has to detect the least marks of seeable contaminates. Notwithstanding the scavenger has no insurance of self- poisoning. Subsequently on Lars tells about â€Å"a predictable series of phases a individual goes through in larning to scavenge. † in which disgust at the get downing gives manner to indiscriminate geting of the things. The narrative besides includes information about the â€Å"can-divers† and their manner of plunging featured as unethical and impudent. The secret plan of it is neither compound nor rich in events and characters. However. it is thought arousing. The writer gives us elaborate counsel how to last being a Dumpster frogman. Reading the essay. I asked myself right along whether it was the lone purpose of Eighner to learn us those regulations. As the narrative progressed. I picked up the writer’s construct bit by bit. His essay exemplifies the uneconomical nature of American society and implies that it is the consequence of mercenary values but besides ignorance and deficiency of understanding. Peoples unreasonably throw out even nutrient that is appropriate for utilizing: â€Å"Students throw out many good things including food†¦the point was thrown out through sloppiness. ignorance. or thriftlessness. † ( Eighner ) The scavenger can get â€Å"boom boxes. tapers. bedclothes. toilet paper. medical specialty. books. a typewriter. a virgin male love doll. alteration sometimes amounting to many dollars† in the Dumpsters. I suppose the intent of the article is besides to demo how immoral is to throw out good nutrient and things. cognizing that 1000s are hungering and enduring from poorness. However. precisely that refuse helps him to last at hard times. Eighner’s concluding for why people are mercenary derives from the construct that they are lost and unsure of what they want. In a manner. his short essay On Dumpster Diving. suggests to his readers that to accomplish the province of satisfaction. they need to cognize what they want. He states. â€Å"Almost everything I have now has already been cast at least one time. turn outing that what I own is valueless to person. † The writer himself collects merely things that are of benefit to him and leaves the remainder for the benefit of others. The article shows that the author being homeless still keeps his intelligent. clever. and sentimental manner of thought. He emphasises the transiency of stuff being and says. â€Å"Once I was the kind of individual who invests material objects with sentimental value. Now I no longer have those things. but I have the sentiments yet. † ( Eighner ) I think. depicting all the regulations of Dumpster plunging Lars Eighner represents us the necessity of maintaining the etiquette even in hardship. The surfs of that common jurisprudence are the â€Å"can-divers. † They. as contrasted with the true scavengers. expression merely for the money there and blend the contents of the Dumpster doing it more hard to happen the genuinely good things. the writer explains. The worst in can scroungers’ actions is their audaciousness to travel through single containers in forepart of peoples places. something a true frogman would neer make. Making that the can diver discoveries different prescriptions. journals and things the proprietor throws out. It is clear that privateness unwraping would abash us. Eighner exclaims against private invasion. therefore showing his civilization and humanitarianism. The last paragraph where Lars compares himself to ultra-wealthy is the most interesting point of the essay. to my head. The rich people can get anything they like and the money does non stand in the manner of making that. The Dumpster diver gets the things from Dumpsters free excessively. Author’s analysis is that the truly rich or the truly hapless are those who do non desire or necessitate. In his comparing. Lars means that he and the super-rich bash non necessitate the points the remainder of us do. He can merely travel out and happen them. The storyteller tries to demo the positives of his profession. but does non overlook the negatives every bit good. following it with the words: â€Å"Dumpster diving has serious drawbacks as a manner of life. † The chief thought of Lars Eighner in his essay is to guarantee us that any hopeless state of affairs has its manner out. The life goes on even if you meet difficulties†¦ He calls us for maintaining our cultural and ethical endowments even when being in the lowest province of life. We may non bury that holding mercenary values over moral 1s destroys and vitiates us from interior. In the alone voice – prohibitionist. disciplined. affecting. comic- Eighner celebrates the victory of the artistic spirit in the face of tremendous hardship. therefore. animating me for true regard.

Human Sexuality Essays

Human Sexuality Essays Human Sexuality Essay Human Sexuality Essay James and Mary experience an unsatisfactory sexual relationship due to James’ disfunction of keeping an hard-on half the clip. James could be sing Performance Anxiety. Performance anxiousness is the anxiousness a adult male has when he thinks he is non acquiring an hard-on fast plenty. or his hard-on is non steadfast plenty. or does non look to last long plenty. Once a adult male experiences even a individual instance of ED. he may go on a rhythm of anxiousness about repeated episodes of unsatisfactory hard-ons. He will expect erectile jobs. fixating on public presentation instead than the enjoyable facets of sexual rousing. His ability to loosen up is hampered. increasing negative self-talk. and his perceptual experiences of self-worth and spouse are negative. James is acquiring frustrated and going uninterested in sex. He is besides embarrassed about his job. Mary is besides frustrated with his disfunction. Mary is the 1 who initiates familiarity but her hubby does non react like she wants him to. He has no desire for familiarity and can largely maintain an hard-on when he masturbates in the shower and so he avoids familiarity with his married woman. He feels that his sexual relationship with his married woman is hopeless and does non desire to discourse the issue with her. The Dynamics of the Relationship The couple’s relationship is strained and there is no communicating when it comes to speaking about desires and familiarity. Their sexual relationship is distant and frustrating. James is non turned on by Mary and thinks he would be turned on more if Mary lost weight and wore intimate apparel. James obviously lacks cognition about his gender. He avoids familiarity with his married woman and his first brush of holding an hard-on was abashing and made him baffled. Sexual disfunction can take to the development of other conditions are more likely to develop other conditions such as depression. Peoples with other conditions such as cardiovascular disease are more likely to develop erectile disfunction. Diagnostic Impressions A multi-axial system for appraisal provides a comprehensive holistic diagnosing that includes a complete image of non merely acute symptoms but all of the factors that makes up mental wellness. The client in inquiry is James who is holding a job with his sexual disfunction issue. He was raised in a traditional white vicinity in the South where his household that did non discourse any intimate topics like sex. feelings or show fondness. The World Association of Sexual Health provinces that disfunction can take to anxiety and consequence self-pride which James has. He is embarrassed about non being able to hold an hard-on or maintain one during familiarity with his married woman. Sexual Response Cycle Sexual response rhythm is a manner in which to understand the procedure of sexual behaviour. It includes both the physical every bit good as the emotional alterations a individual experiences during sexual engagement ( Capella University ) . Areas of sexual disfunction may include: erectile disfunction ( ED ) . premature interjection. and public presentation anxiousness etc. The human sexual response rhythm has four stages which include ; exhilaration. tableland. climax. and declaration. If there is a job in one of these stages so sexual operation is missing. Sexual response is due to alterations in ones’ head and organic structure. Psychologically there are titillating ideas during rousing and there are alterations in the organic structure. Analysis and comparing of the sexual response rhythm and the construct of sexual normalcy Professionals need to be able to discourse sexual operation. sexual normalcy and disfunction with the client. It is of import to cognize about the sexual response rhythm. sexual disfunction jobs. gender and cultural issues refering gender. The sexual response rhythm helps foreground where sexual disfunction may happen. In contrast. sexual normalcy is besides represented on this rhythm as a positive proof of one’s expectancy which hence crystallizes one’s experience taking to further positive expectancy ( Sewell. 2005 ) . The response rhythm starts in the rousing or excitement stage but it would be most utile to see a desire stage that goes before the rousing or the excitement stage. During the desire stage. physiological sexual rousing is non of primary importance. The sexual response rhythm is characterized by physiological and psychological displacements. Psychologically. there is an addition in titillating ideas ( the particular content of which is extremely individualized ) and a heightened consciousness of pleasance esthesiss from erogenous organic structure zones. With increasing physiological rousing. there is a narrowing of attending such that focal cues are processed intensely whereas non-focal cues are less likely than usual even to be noticed. Physically. the bosom rate additions every bit good as respiration which besides shallows blood flow to the appendages increases. and primary sex variety meats engorge with blood. Erectile disfunction happens when there is non plenty blood flows to the phallus. forestalling an hard-on. Erectile disfunction. or ED. is the medical term for troubles obtaining and maintaining an hard-on. It is a sexual wellness job that affects about 30 million work forces. Erectile upset is common happening in work forces. Attitudes toward sex and public presentation anxiousness are related McCabe ( 2005 ) . Sexual disfunction may take to a lower sex thrust to non desiring to hold sex at all. Unsatisfied sexual experiences can take to other assorted the relational psychological issues. One of the most common types of disfunctions is low desire and rousing. This disrupts the sexual response rhythm in the first two stages of desire and rousing. The client’s personality factors and psychological issues could besides impact erectile operation in a negative manner. Schizophrenia and bipolar upset can do it hard to maintain feelings of sexual desire and concentrate behavior plenty to hold satisfactory hard-ons. Creation of three mensurable ends for intervention Treatment for Erectile disfunction must turn to all of the lending factors such as the physical. psychological and societal countries for the client. It besides must be brought all together thoroughly and be intimacy-based. The first thing to make is discourse how to put ends by Puting a Goal– 1 ) decide on a end you want to make 2 ) decide on the stairss you will necessitate to take to acquire at that place and compose them down. 3 ) take the first measure. 4 ) take all the other stairss. one at a clip. 5 ) wages yourself when your end is reach. If James is holding no physical jobs. he must turn to his psychological jobs and societal jobs. He needs to utilize the end of Identifying nerve-racking state of affairss by 1 ) melody in to your body’s emphasis signals. 2 ) inquire yourself am I experiencing stressed? . 3 ) inquire what is doing me experience this manner? . 4 ) choose stress reducing agent or relaxation techni ques Reducing public presentation anxiousness can be done with Cognitive behavioural techniques along with the relaxation techniques and development of a wider scope of sexual activities beyond intercourse. Spouses can assist to place and rectify anxiousness arousing thought procedures. such as all-or-none thought. Furthermore. the twosome. instead than the adult male entirely. can outdo redefine sexual activity. the healer truly promotes conditions that focus on relaxation. basking esthesiss that are more enjoyable therefore extinguishing anxiousness and promoting the man’s spouse to loosen up. The 2nd thing to turn to is his job pass oning with his married woman. Expressing Affection is another end James needs to work on by 1 ) make up ones mind if you have good feeling about the other individual. 2 ) make up ones mind if you think the other individual would wish to cognize you experience this manner. 3 ) Decide what to state. 4 ) take a good clip and topographic point. 5 ) Tell the individual in a friendly manner. Due to James’ being upset and frustrated a end must be set to cut down his defeat. The first Goal is to develop schemes to cut down symptoms and better get bying accomplishments by 1- Learn 3 new ways of get bying with everyday stressors 3 out of 7 yearss. 2- Recognize and program for three anxiety-provoking state of affairss. 3 ) Report experiencing more positive about ego and abilities during therapy Sessionss Treatment can besides dwell of backsliding bar by holding the twosome optimize their sexual relationship with the geographic expedition of titillating activities. techniques. and communications to beef up the couple’s sexual relationship and prevent backsliding or the development of other disfunctions. Therapists should be cognizant that relapses can happen and as a normative portion of intervention. Ethical and culturally-relevant attacks to handling any sexual issues Cultural competency is based upon regard. proof and openness towards person with different societal and cultural perceptual experiences and outlooks that are non your ain. Culture helps us understand how others interpret their environment. It besides shapes how people see their universe and how they function in that universe. By understanding civilization service suppliers can avoid stereotyping and prejudices and concentrate on the positive features of a peculiar group. Counselors must be able to measure the culturally diverse demands of the client use culturally sensitive and appropriate techniques and intercessions based on the race. ethnicity and linguistic communication. Besides to place resources that is available to extinguish barriers. Sexual orientation refers to an digesting form of emotional. romantic. and/or sexual attractive forces to work forces. adult females. or both sexes and a person’s sens e of individuality based on those attractive forces and others who portion those attractive forces A PA ( 2008 ) . Mentions: SEWELL. K. W. ( 2005 ) . The Experience Cycle And The Sexual Response Cycle: Conceptualization And Application To Sexual Dysfunctions. Journal Of Constructivist Psychology. 18 ( 1 ) . 3-13. doi:10. 1080/10720530590522973 McCabe. M. P. ( 2005 ) . The Role Of Performance Anxiety In The Development And Maintenance Of Sexual Dysfunction In Men And Women. International Journal Of Stress Management. 12 ( 4 ) . 379-388. World Health Organization’s 2008 article Eliminating Female Genital Mutilation: An Interagency Statement. pages 1–40. McCarthy. B. W. . A ; Metz. M. E. ( 2008 ) . The Good-Enough Sex theoretical account: a instance illustration. Sexual A ; Relationship Therapy. 23 ( 3 ) . 227-234. doi:10. 1080/14681990802165919 hypertext transfer protocol: //www. apa. org/helpcenter/sexual-orientation. American Psychological Association. ( 2008 ) .

Historical Poems of Social Protest and Revolution

Historical Poems of Social Protest and Revolution Nearly 175 years ago Percy Bysshe Shelley said, in his Defence of Poetry, that â€Å"poets are the unacknowledged legislators of the world.† In the years since, many poets have taken that role to heart, right up to the present day. They’ve been rabble-rousers and protesters, revolutionaries and yes, sometimes, lawmakers. Poets have commented on the events of the day, giving voice to the oppressed and downtrodden, immortalized rebels, and campaigned for social change.   Looking back to the headwaters of this river of protest poetry, we’ve gathered a collection of classic poems regarding protest and revolution, beginning with Shelley’s own â€Å"The Masque of Anarchy.†Ã‚   Percy Bysshe Shelley:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Masque of Anarchy† (published in  1832; Shelley died in 1822) This poetic fountain of outrage was prompted by the infamous Peterloo Massacre of 1819 in Manchester, England. The massacre began as a peaceful protest of pro-democracy and anti-poverty and ended with at least 18 deaths and over 700 serious injuries. Within those numbers were innocents; women and children. Two centuries later the poem retains its power. Shelleys moving poem is an epic 91 verses, each of four or five lines a piece. It is brilliantly written and mirrors the intensity of the 39th and 40th stanzas:     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  XXXIX.What is Freedom?- ye can tellThat which slavery is, too well- For its very name has grownTo an echo of your own.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  XL.’Tis to work and have such payAs just keeps life from day to dayIn your limbs, as in a cellFor the tyrants’ use to dwell, Percy Bysshe Shelley:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Song to the Men of England† (published by Mrs. Mary Shelley in The Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley in  1839) In this classic, Shelley employs his pen to speak specifically to the workers of England. Again, his anger is felt in every line and it is clear that he is tormented by the oppression he sees of the middle class. Song to the Men of England is written simply, it was designed to appeal to the less educated of Englands society; the workers, the drones, the people who fed the wealth of the tyrants. The eight stanzas of the poem are four lines each and follow a rhythmic AABB song-like format. In the second stanza, Shelley tries to wake up the workers to the plight they may not see: Wherefore feed and clothe and saveFrom the cradle to the graveThose ungrateful drones who wouldDrain your sweat- nay, drink your blood? By the sixth stanza, Shelley is calling the people to rise up much like the French did in the revolution a few decades prior: Sow seed- but let no tyrant reap:Find wealth- let no imposter heap:Weave robes- let not the idle wear:Forge arms- in your defence to bear. William Wordsworth:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Prelude, or, Growth of a Poet’s Mind† Books 9 and 10, Residence in France (published in 1850, the year of the poets death) Of the 14 books that poetically detail Wordsworths life, Books 9 and 10 regard his time in France during the French Revolution. A young man in his late 20s, the turmoil took a great toll on this otherwise home-bodied Englishman. In Book 9, Woodsworth writes passionately: A light, a cruel, and vain world cut offFrom the natural inlets of just sentiment,From lowly sympathy and chastening truth;Where good and evil interchange their names,And thirst for bloody spoils abroad is paired Walt Whitman:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"To a Foil’d European Revolutionaire† (from  Leaves of Grass,  first published in the 1871-72 edition with another edition published in 1881) One of Whitmans most famous collections of poetry, Leaves of Grass was a lifetime work that the poet edited and published a decade after its initial release. Within this is are the revolutionary words of  Ã¢â‚¬Å"To a Foil’d European Revolutionaire.† Though its unclear whom Whitman is speaking to, his ability to spark courage and resilience in the revolutionaries of Europe remains a powerful truth. As the poem begins, there is no doubting the poets passion. We only wonder what sparked such embroiled words. Courage yet, my brother or my sister!Keep on- Liberty is to be subserv’d whatever occurs;That is nothing that is quell’d by one or two failures, or any number of failures,Or by the indifference or ingratitude of the people, or by any unfaithfulness,Or the show of the tushes of power, soldiers, cannon, penal statutes. Paul Laurence Dunbar,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Haunted Oak† A haunting poem written in 1903, Dunbar takes on the strong subject of lynching and Southern justice in The Haunted Oak. He views the matter through the thoughts of the oak tree employed in the matter. The thirteenth stanza may be the most revealing: I feel the rope against my bark,And the weight of him in my grain,I feel in the throe of his final woeThe touch of my own last pain. More Revolutionary Poetry Poetry is the perfect venue for social protest no matter the subject. In your studies, be sure to read these classics to get a better sense of the roots of revolutionary poetry. Edwin Markham,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Man With the Hoe† -  Inspired by Jean-Franà §ois Millet’s painting Man with a Hoe,† this poem was originally published in the San Francisco  Examiner in  1899. Upton Sinclair noted in The Cry for Justice: An Anthology of the Literature of Social Protest that Markhams poem  became  Ã¢â‚¬Å"the battle-cry of the next thousand years.† Truly, it speaks to hard labor and the working man.Ella Wheeler Wilcox, â€Å"Protest† - From Poems of Purpose, published in 1916, this poem embodies the spirit of protest no matter the cause. To speak up and show your bravery against those who cause suffering, Wilcoxs words are timeless.Carl Sandburg,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I Am the People, the Mob† -  Also from a 1916 collection of poetry,  Chicago Poems, Sandburg reinforces the thoughts of Wilcox. He speaks of the power of the people - the mob - the crowd - the mass and the ability to remember wrongs while learning a better way.Carl Sandburg,  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The Mayor of Gary† -  A free-form verse that appeared in 1922s Smoke and Steel, this poem looks at the Gary, Indiana of 1915. The 12-hour day and the 7-day week of the workers drew a sharp contrast to Garys trim and proper mayor who had time for a shampoo and shave.

Global warming & human activities Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Global warming & human activities - Essay Example These alterations threaten to transform the global environment. As one author imagined it, â€Å"The year is 2035. In New York, palm trees line the Hudson River †¦ Phoenix is in its third week of temperatures over 130 degrees †¦ Holland is under water. Bangladesh has ceased to exist †¦ in central Europe and in the American Midwest, decades of drought have turned once fertile agricultural lands into parched deserts (Rifkin, 1988).† Composition of Greenhouse Gases Methane and carbon dioxide primarily constitute the greenhouse gases. They also consist of water vapor and trace amounts of other gases including ozone, nitrous oxide, and HCFCs. Greenhouse gases â€Å"trap† some of the sun’s infrared radiation within Earth’s atmosphere, similar to a greenhouse. As the levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere increase, they trap more of the sun’s heat in the earth’s atmosphere, which has a number of effects on the earth’s env ironment. Were it not for greenhouse gases, most of the sun’s energy would radiate back out into space, leaving the earth cold and lifeless with an average temperature of minus 18 degrees C (0.4 degrees Fahrenheit) (Miller). ... Increasing levels of greenhouse gases, like carbon dioxide (CO2 ), in the atmosphere since pre-industrial times have been well documented. There is no doubt this atmospheric buildup of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases is largely the result of human activities. Combined with unnaturally elevated levels of naturally occurring gases, global warming is exacerbated by anthropogenic emissions of additional greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. To illustrate the problem, under pre-Industrial Revolution conditions, global levels of carbon dioxide were around 275 parts per million (ppm). Carbon dioxide levels increased from 275 ppm to 346 ppm between 1860 and 1986, primarily due to the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation (Flavind & Tunali, 1995). Plants convert carbon dioxide to oxygen and are one effective way to absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. Deforestation has resulted in a reduction in the carbon dioxide to oxygen conversion. It is estimated that deforestation co ntributes 1.0 to 2.5 billion tons of carbon dioxide emissions annually (Oppenheimer & Boyle, 1990). It is thought that global levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere will reach 550 ppm sometime between 2040 and 2100; however, most analysts believe those levels will be reached closer to the middle of the twenty-first century (Rifkin). It is estimated that over the next 100 years the temperature will increase about 1.98 degrees C (3.6 degrees Fahrenheit). Such a severe temperature change would most likely cause an increase in heat waves and drought, the spread of infectious diseases, and the disruption of ecosystems worldwide. Furthermore, increased global temperatures is causing the melting of ice in both polar regions, resulting in a rise in sea level, predicted by

Conflict resolution and assertiveness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Conflict resolution and assertiveness - Essay Example This essay functions to consider the conflict resolution aspects in terms of the theoretical approach referred to as non-violent communication, exploring the various ways and situations such an approach to interpersonal communication can be implemented. While non-violent communication is a broad category that can be implemented in a variety of contexts and ways, one of the central aspects of this approach is the central importance of treating other humans in a humane way, even during trying situations. One of the important aspects of achieving this mode of communication is through the conscious responding to answers, rather than basing our responses on instinctual and oftentimes angry replies (Rosenberg). In these regards, one of the major problems in conflict resolution is the challenge individuals face when interacting with others through their first level, genuine emotions. It’s in this stage of response that people experience anger and frustration that escalates the confro ntation to levels that prevent it from being resolved in an effective way. Non-violent communication works to prevent these unproductive means of interpersonal relations. In terms of my own personal life I recognize there are many instances when I have fallen prey to means of communication that go directly against these theoretical approaches to interaction. As a means of implementing non-violent communication in my daily life I recognize there are a lot of specific means. While work situations are perhaps most central to these modes of conflict resolution, it’s also clear that I can implement them in my daily life to help improve my interpersonal communication. One such aspect of this implementation occurs when interacting with individuals over the phone. Oftentimes when dealing with companies over phone bills or similar aspects of sales, it’s clear that anger oftentimes surfaces over company policies, or similar things that are not directly related to the operator wi th whom I am conversing. In past circumstances, I oftentimes would resort to becoming angry and arguing with the operators in a heated way, non-violent communication offers a different approach to the situation. Using this type of communication strategy, it’s necessary to consciously step outside of my emotions and consider ways that I can respond to the individuals in a constructive way that doesn’t involve anger or heated-exchanges. Instead, non-violent communication indicates that I should take a second to step back from the situation and consider it in more conscious depth. For instance, instead of directing my anger at the individual on the phone, I should step back and consider that they are merely an aspect of the organization and that the policies that are causing issues are not their personal fault but indicative of the organization. When consciously considering these aspects of communication it becomes clear directing anger at the individual operator makes ve ry little sense and is counter-productive. When this is understood, it becomes clear that the communication can stay within the confines of a particular mode of relations that are conducive to both parties involved. While such means of implementing non-violent communication practices constitute a general approach to the conflict resolutio

The Current Macroeconomic Situation of the US Essay Example for Free

The Current Macroeconomic Situation of the US Essay In the recent years, the US economy has gradually improved. However some areas such as the housing industry have still remained negatively affected. The following paper will discuss some of the causes that led to the crisis and what the Federal Reserve should do to address the affected areas. Introduction Despite the improvement in the US economy, there is still a decrease in interest rates, depreciation of currency and unstable markets due to fluctuations. The current debt loan of the US is also big and may lead to depression of the economy resulting in minimized growth. This is mainly caused by low interest rates which encourage borrowing for the business sector and the consumers looking for homes. In order to service these loans, the government relies on foreign aid. Current Situation The current recession and economic crisis was however majorly caused by the increase of subprime adjustable rate mortgages issued, the decrease in prime mortgages issued and the made up collaterized debt obligations. In addition, bank loans were offered to people who expected an increase in housing prices leading to their default. Moreover, supply and demand, inflation due to an increase of oil market prices which led to the increase in price of some basic commodities, money supply and GDP which influence the economy were significant causes (Tyler, 2010). Thus, the US economy is still undergoing financial crisis as a result of these decreasing interest rates hence the zero interest rate bound and the major increases in government spending. This leads to the discussion of money printing against bond financing which arises since the latter creates fears of inflation. The current situation consists of a â€Å"money multiplier† which is influenced by the ratio currency/deposits and reserved/deposits. The public is practicing the C/D more by keeping money in the mattress while the banks exhibit the R/D through their preference to cash than loans and investments. US Congress and the Federal Reserve The US congress and the federal government should improve the international market in order to improve the GDP and attract more investors. Additionally they should lower interest rates in borrowing to attract the public to buy housing units (Liu, 2010). Once, the interest rates hit zero the federal government should increase the monetary base by purchasing bonds unlimitedly since it cannot be negative. This is because highly positive interest rates rely on deflation (Lemgruber, 2008). ? List of References Lemgruber, A. C. , 2008. A Monetarist Analysis of the US Macroeconomic Situation. Emerging Markets Ecomonitor. December, 7. Liu, 2010. Feature: To End or not to End. August 15. Retrieved from Xinhuanet: http://news. xinhuanet. com/english2010/indepth/2010-08/15/c_13445774. htm on August 15, 2010. Tyler, 2010. The Current Macroeconomical Situation and the Global Recession: The Cause of The Current World Crisis. Armchair Economics. March, 24.

Glycogen Storage Disease Essay -- Disease, Disorders

Introduction: Glycogen storage disease is the result of a defect in the synthesis or breakdown of glycogen that is found in muscles, the liver and many other cell types. This disease may be genetic or acquired and is usually caused by a defect in certain enzymes that are important in the metabolism of glycogen. To date, there are 11 different classifications for glycogen storage disease but this paper will focus on glycogen storage disease type 1 (GSD I), also known as von Gierke’s disease, after the German doctor who discovered it. GSD I is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder with the incidence being 1 in 100,000. Parents may be heterozygote carriers, making them asymptomatic, however they have a 25% chance of having a child that is affected by GSD I. Prenatal diagnosis can be made by completing a liver biopsy at 18-22 weeks but no fetal treatments are currently available and standard newborn screening tests are not able to detect GSD I. Background and epidemiology: GSD I is a genetic disease resulting from the deficiency of the enzyme glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) and glucose-6-phosphate translocase (Andria et al). These particular enzymes are important in enabling the liver to produce glucose from glycogen and/or generate new glucose via gluconeogenesis. The inability of the liver to produce glucose from these metabolic pathways can result in severe hypoglycemia since the liver is responsible for maintaining blood glucose for the body in periods of fasting. The reduction of glycogen breakdown can also cause the kidneys and liver to become enlarged because excess glycogen is typically stored within these two organs. The liver and kidneys can typically function normally during childhood, however because of the increas... ...apter 362. Glycogen Storage Diseases and Other Inherited Disorders of Carbohydrate Metabolism. In D.L. Longo, A.S. Fauci, D.L. Kasper, S.L. Hauser, J.L. Jameson, J. Loscalzo (Eds), Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18e. Retrieved January 21, 2012 from http://www.accessmedicine.com/content.aspx?aID=9144477. Medscape, Glycogen Storage Diseases Types I-VII. Retrieved at http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1116574-overview. Moses, S.W. Historical higlights and unsolved problems in glycogen storage disease type 1. European Journal of Pediatrics 2002, 161: S2-S9. Nazir, Z. and Qazi, S.H. Urolithiasis and psoas abscess in a 2 year old boy with type 1 glycogen storage disease. Pedriatric Nephrology 2006, 21: 1772-1775. Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Glycogen storage disease type I. Retrieved at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycogen_storage_disease_type_I.

Beautiful Boy by David Shelf

Beautiful Boy by David Sheff 1. Sheff intrigued me with his story just by the back of the book. The entire story is about his eldest son, Nic, who is an amazing student as a child; however, his childhood begins to fade when he gets into the life of drugs and alcohol. The experiences and hardships that the author goes through is very emotional which really kept me reading. 2. The setting affects the author and his story. The book takes place in modern day times as in 2008.This impacts the author and his experiences because this is the time where drugs became more known and they were easy to get which made it harder for Nic, David Sheff’s son, to stop the drug abuse. 3. The themes in this book are patience and faith. David must be patient towards the recovery of his son’s drug addiction. He knows that this process cannot happen over-night no matter how hard he wishes it could be that easy. He waits patiently for Nic to get better. Nic, however, goes through rough patches while on this journey to succession, but his father always has faith in him.I think that David and Nic’s experiences were incredibly traumatic. Sheff felt the pain that his son went through while being an addict and felt the need to share it with others. Another reason Sheff might have wanted to share this experience is because he wanted to show the difficulty and how bad it is to take drugs. 4. â€Å"When Nic was growing up, I thought I would be content with whatever choices he made in his life†¦ Now I live with the knowledge that, never mind the most modest definition of a normal or healthy life, my son may not make it to twenty-one†(195-196).This proves the understanding that David has over his son’s life and that even though he believed at one point that Nic’s decisions will be made by himself, Nic has not made all the right decisions. This proved to David that his son needs guidance through out his whole life because once you are a father you ar e always a father. I chose this passage because this to me is David Sheff’s entire understanding of his son and this memoir. It shows that he understands what it means to be a father and what his role is 5.If I could meet the author I would feel a little nervous. I would feel uncomfortable asking him any questions because I wouldn’t know how he would react: would he get emotional? Would he get annoyed? Would he act fine because he gets questions all the time. A hypothetical meeting with David Sheff is if he came to my school to talk about drug and alcohol addiction and how it impacted his life and others around him. A question I might ask is when did you realize that your son was not a casual user, but was an addict?What was your immediate reaction? I would talk about the impact on his family, siblings and friends. I would ask about whom his friends were and if they were older because of the drug use. I would ask how he had the money for the drugs. A story of my own th at I would share with the author is about a kid that I know that ended up not being able to go to college. All of a sudden he began going to rehab and no one knew why. As time went on people began to realize that he did drugs and drank a lot.He became banned form school grounds for a certain amount of time. He was supposed to go off to college, but ended up not because he got in trouble with the law and had separation anxiety. His younger sister had to deal with the fights at home and her brother that she loved very much. I would share this story with Sheff to show that even though this story is not about my family or me, my family was one of the people impacted by this child’s actions.

Map the Supply Chain Paper Essay

Introduction Prior to developing a supply chain map, it is important to identify and understand the nature of the plan, the importance of mapping, and the role the map plays in the strategy. The supply chain represents all companies that are in contact with a particular product. The supply chain is a network, which outlines the steps it takes to get a good or service from production to the final customer. The map links strategic processes of a firm to facilitate the evaluation of supply chain structure. In short, the supply chain categorizes the responsibilities of the manufacturer, distributor, dealer so duties avoid overlapping or duplication. The goal of a supply chain is to become more effective and efficient, which gives a competitive advantage over other competing supply chains. The following will map the supply chain of Pepsi-Cola beverage. The map will illustrate the process of manufacturing the product and continue until the retailer passes the product to the consumer. In the preceding supply chain map, the manufacture and distributor are both part of PepsiCo. The retailer makes up all grocery stores, convenience stores, and mass merchandise stores. Manufacturer Pepsi-Cola beverage is a favorable soft drink beverage that drinkers have become accustomed to its unique flavor. In order to ensure product consistency, around the world, manufacturing must follow strict guidelines. These guidelines include the quality of raw materials, ensure packaging meets company standards, finished product quality meets specifications, and ingredients are similar. To provide consistency in product quality is crucial to outline the supply chain tasks for the manufacturer. The functions of the manufacturer are specific to product quality, packaging, and shipping a high quality finished product to the operations facilities. Following the supply chain map in manufacturing outlines the duties of  manufacturing that ensure the product formula is identical regardless of which manufacturer produces the product. sources raw materials, such as sugar and aluminum for cans designs the packaging and graphics determines the proper ingredients and quantities regularly calibrates and calculates the formula throughout production produces the product and ensures quality introduces new products based on customer demands ships product to sales operations Distributor The next step in the supply chain map is the distributor. Once the distributor receives the product from the manufacturer, they allocate the quantities based on retailer needs. The distributor uses their relationship to secure product displays, write product orders, extend short-term credit to the retailer, and delivers product to the retailer. Pepsi-Cola distributors also supply manpower to ensure the product makes it to the shelf is maintained daily. The product chain tasks break down the required steps a distributor is responsible for. These tasks provide efficiencies and are assigned to make sure there is zero overlapping between the manufacturer and distributor. receives shipment from the manufacturer establishes relationships with retailers extends credit to retailers breaks down orders for direct store delivery (DSD) sale, deliver, and service product at retail location. Retailer The retailer allocates a specified amount of space for Pepsi Cola. The distributor is responsible for ordering, filling, and maintaining this space. The retailer determines products placed in advertisements, based on the distributor’s product allowances given to the retailer. The retailer also employs customer service representatives to support customer needs and provide them with the needed services to make the exchange of products for cash value. This completed process finalizes the transfer of the product to the consumer. provides shelf and display space for Pepsi Products advertises to drive consumers to the store determines product selection based on distributor’s allowances employs customer service representatives to assist the consumer processes the transaction transfers possession to the consumer In the supply chain of Pepsi-Cola beverage each company has a particular role. These functions are essential to the success of providing the product to the final consumer. A successful supply chain map designates specific tasks that each company is responsible. These tasks are specific and are meant to ensure the product makes it to their business in the most efficient and effective manner. Depending on how detailed and well thought out a supply chain map is, determines whether the plan can improve the efficiency of getting the product through each company channel. Many companies strive for an optimized supply chain because it can lead to lower costs for the enterprise. Other purposes of an optimized supply chain are to eliminate issues when product flows between businesses and to create a standard throughout the global market.

The Monetary Union of the European Union

The Monetary Union of the European Union The European Union (EU) is a political and economic community counting 27 countries located predominantly in Europe. The EU takes control over the countries through the system of independent institutions and intergovernmental organizations operated by the member states.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Monetary Union of the European Union specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The main policy of the EU lies in developing a single market through ensuring free movement of goods, services, people, and capital. One of the main policies integrated by the EU involves monetary union. This policy represents the control of fiscal and economic policies and a common currency, the euro. In total, these countries constitute the euro area. Certainly, the integrated economic and monetary union produces a plethora of advantages for the members of the European community in terms of a single market and free exchange of products and servi ces. However, there have been rigid debates concerning the optimal conditions for creating Eurozone countries with a single currency area due to the inflexibility of monetary policy. The point is that individual member states fail to act independently, which prevents the countries from printing money to pay their creditors and diminish the risk of default. As a result of the above-presented problems, the European sovereign debt crisis occurred, leading to the difficulties to re-finance the debts without support of the third parties. At the end of 2009, a sovereign debt crisis became serious due to the increase in private and public government debt levels all over the world along with a range of debts in European countries (Berend 2012). The ramifications of the crisis were different in various countries. In some member states, private debts emerged because of the property bubble that were turned into a sovereignty debt due to the banking bailouts and government reactions to lower le vels of economic post-bubble. Hence, although there is one currency for the region, pension plans and taxation remain different in the European countries.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The currency limits the states’ possibility to stand various financial problems. Therefore, it is necessary to reconsider the policy in order to develop a more flexible system of single currency operating (Berend 2012). The consistency should be connected with integrating the single taxation scheme in all countries, as well as creating an optimal fiscal and pension systems for the population. Before developing a unified economic system, these problems should be solved by organizing international meetings and specialized committees that can scan the environment and highlight the most vulnerable areas of the EU economy. Rationale for the Action: Negotiations and Decisions Made After the 2009 crisis, the EU institutions have started working on a common legal instrument that could stabilize the financial situation in Europe by providing financial assistance to European countries experiencing serious economic difficulties. As a result, the European Financial Stability Facility was created in 2010 to stand the debt crisis through organizing specific funds to provide loans to the countries in need (James 2012). However, the development of new funds and reserves does not provide a viable solution to the problems of financial flexibility in the countries. The peculiarities of various economies, such as that of export-driven Germany and high-tax level France, create serious challenges for the European Community to strike the balance between single currency and fluctuations in taxes, fiscal policies and property issues. In addition, Hullett et al. (2010) supports the idea that the performance of the EU currency creates high unemployment rates, varied output, and investment growth problems. As a result, the performance of the euro undermines the efficiency of the single market development in practice.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Monetary Union of the European Union specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More With regard to the above-presented problems, non-action, superficial policy does not introduce improvements to the currency system and can even aggravate the situation (Fioramonti 2012). It is highly important for the EU to be more sensitive toward local markets through creating statistics centers and surveys evaluating the readiness of the countries to accept the single monetary system. The rational of this strategy is fully justified because the global market development in the European region is impossible without considering the specifics of local markets and financial systems. Background of the Situation Due to the financial instability and unequal access of the Eu ropean countries, there is a growing tendency in economic disintegration due to the absence of common fiscal practices that have great pressure on the European Community (Hanson et al. 2011). Therefore, the Euro was initially created to ensure financial integration of the European countries, but the massive financial difference between member states does not allow the countries to bailout the crisis that do not address the actual root of the problem. According to Hanson et al. (2011, p. 24), â€Å"the real concern now is with Spain and Italy†¦they are much larger economies and have far bigger debt than Greece, so if they default, the consequences will be dire for the Euro†. Further, the introduction of the European Central Bank has provided new problems to the EU monetary and economic integration. At a glance, the new financial reforms produce a number of improvements in terms of investment, employment, and growth.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, much deeper considerations provide the evidence distinction between long-termed and short-termed problems, including increased unemployment rates in some countries and increase in financial stability in other countries. At the beginning of the Euro formation, eleven countries has joined the union and accepted a single currency. However, their inflation levels were diverse and, as a result, the group was supported by the three best performed states – France, Austria, and Ireland. According to Welfens (2001, p. 4), â€Å"the costs of disinflation †¦ have leveled, and no further significant increase of unemployment should occur as expected and actual inflation rates have converged at a very low level†. In this respect, the history of euro formation shows that the problems occurred to local levels of economy were ignored by the community, which has led to diverse rates of integration (Buti and Sapir 2002). Monetary union focuses more on a global political dec ision according to which the selection criteria has not been premised on the optimum currency framework, but on the convergence criteria. The analysis of future perspectives of the EU commission requires reconsideration of the single currency system because it can become a problem for Britain in terms of exchange rate. In particular, there are a number of factors that undermine democracy system and budgeting principles. Democratization of the European currency, as well as the European Central Bank is crucial due to the deficiency in political system inconsistency. In addition, the Commission criticizes the EU government that acts illegally by ignoring the need to punish Germany and France for infringing the budget rules (Implications of the Euro: A Critical Perspective from the Left n. d.). The unequal treatment of countries of the EU is also connected with the inflexibility of the euro principles, as well as the role of ECB. In order to eliminate the problems, the local economies s hould be analyzed in more detail to face the requirements of the single area. Description of Possible Strategies for Reducing the Currency Inflexibility As it has been mentioned briefly, the main approach to reducing the unemployment rates and removing the diverse economic and financial rates in countries implies developing reforms that can introduce greater sensitivity to local markets to be ready to face challenges of diverse requirements and budgeting rules in various countries (Cline and Wolff, 2012). What is more important is that the currency should be congruent with the taxation systems in the countries. Certainly, modifying the taxation systems in countries undermines other financial and political spheres, but the introduction of a singly currency should not be premised on a one-dimensional approach. In fact, the policy should cover all spheres of country’s life, including social plans, budgeting, financial funding, investment, taxation system, and pension schemes (Cr edit Matters: The European debt crisis a solution? 2011). Lack of awareness can lead to even greater difficulties and economic disintegration. In order to the fight unemployment and unequal inflation rates, specific emphasis should be placed on developing new budget disciplines that could solve the problem of the deep crisis. In this respect, Sà ©gol (2012, p. 70) insists that the current paradigm for reducing the inflexibility implies â€Å"cutting pay and social welfare, attacking bargaining mechanisms and making employment contracts ultraflexible†. In this respect, there should be a relatively equal level of salaries and wages that can allow the governments to predict further complications and losses, as well as avoid inequality among the employees. Second, introducing the art of negotiation is crucial in all spheres of political control that should be assigned to a single political organ that regulates all financial transactions. As a result, the development of a common fiscal system would allow the EU to create a community where the crisis in one country will not affect the situation in other countries. In this respect, Fontevecchia (2012, p. 82) explains, â€Å"banks and pension funds in Europe can choose between many different sovereign bonds to operate, leading to a relocation of capital in times of stress that can put intense pressure on borrowing costs†. Absence of analogous institutions in countries, such as gilts in the UK do not have analogues in other countries, provides fewer restrictions on the borrowing costs. In this case, governments of the EU should actively participate in negotiating for price, tax levels, and wages (Baimbridge and Whyman 2003). It is also important for a government to establish a common system of informing the population about the shifts in prices. One the one hand, earlier stages of the funds relocation can cause serious protests on the part of the countries with greater financial opportunities. Therefore , they could be reluctant to cede their political and economic positions. On the other hand, the development of a strong European Community requires the acceptance of certain risks. Finally, focus on the root of the problem, rather than on its cause, can allow the European Union. In this respect, Adams (2012) asserts that the Greece crisis has becomes the starting point of the debt challenge. In addition, the researcher argues that the fall of tax revenues, as well as social safety net, does not contribute to the debt reduction (Barston 2006). On the contrary, focus on the local market should be confined to total rejection of the previous currency and price rates and absolute penetration to the EU space. Hence, the member states should accept a genuine political union, with permanent transition of independence from the country’s capitals to the center of the European community. The Implications of the Action Regulating local budgets and reducing deficit spending should be inc luded into future EU treaties because they can ensure closer economic union among the member states. However, these regulations have already been violated by the Great Britain with the Czech Republic and Hungary. The reluctance to obey the established rules is explained by the desire of power-states to establish dictatorship. Hence, historic circumstances play a crucial role in strengthening the political and economic positions of such countries as the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and Austria. However, the European Union implies the development of relatively equal opportunities for all the participants (Buttsowrth n. d.). As a result, the governments should reconsider the issue of power to be able to compromise. Further, the Greek crisis proves that the problems in a separate region have a tangible impact on other participants and, therefore, the necessity for creating a single political organ regulating financial and economic issues is crucial (Lynn 2010). In particular, the cr eated equality in access to the financial resources, as well as stable pricing policy, will eliminate further rises in currency devaluation in the country. Conclusion The development of UE monetary system ensuring the flow of the single current in Europe ensures greater exchange of good, services and people. Moreover, it simplifies the transport system control and allows the EU members to freely move from one country to another. However, apart from the proposed advantages there are a number of shortcomings of the policy, such as unemployment rates, inflexibility, and diverse tax levels in countries. In this respect, the proposed strategy refers to the analysis of local markets and absolute transition to an absolute currency system. Stabilizing tax payments and introducing relatively equal wages provide a new platform for the EU development. These recommendations should lead to ensure successful transition to a single market system. Reference List Adams, T 2012, When Greece Exits The Euro, Coloradobiz, 39, 7, p. 10. Baimbridge, M and Whyman, P 2003, Economic and Monetary Union in Europe: Theory and Practice. Edward Elgar Publishing, UK. Barston, RP 2006, Modern Diplomacy, Pearson Education, London. Berend, I 2012, Europe in Crisis: Bolt from the Blue?, Routledge, New York. Buti, M, and Sapir A 2002, Economic and Monetary Union and Economic Policy in Europe, Edward Elgar Publishing, UK. Buttsowrth, M n. d., Democracy and Debt – the European Debt Crisis, Mat Buttsworth, US. Cline, WR, and Wolff, G 2012, Resolving the European Debt Crisis, Peterson Institute, US. Credit Matters: The European debt crisis a solution? 2011, Euroweek, 1209, p. 82. Fioramonti, L 2012, Regions and Crises: New Challenges for Contemporary Regionalisms, Palgrave Macmillan, US. Fontevecchia, A 2012, How to Solve Europes Sovereign Debt Crisis, SocGen Style, Forbes.Com, p. 24. Hanson, G, Kovacs, R, Lanham, P 2011, The global economy lessons learned, Money Management, 25, 31, p. 24. Hullett, AJH, Mooslechner, P, and Schurz, M 2010, Challenges for Economic Policy Coordination within European Monetary, Springer, New York. Implications of the Euro: A Critical Perspective from the Left n. d., Routledge, New York. James, H 2012, Making the European Monetary Union, Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, US. Lynn, M 2010, Bust: Greece, the Euro and the Sovereign Debt Crisis, John Wiley Sons, US. Sà ©gol, B 2012, Towards growth and a social contract for Europe, OECD Observer, 290/291, pp. 70-71. Welfens, PJ 2001, European Monetary Union and Exchange Rate Dynamics: New Approaches and Application to the Euro. Springer, New York.